Neurological complications of malaria.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
;
1992 Dec; 23(4): 672-80
Artículo
en Inglés
| IMSEAR
| ID: sea-33967
ABSTRACT
This paper reviews the neurological complications of malaria. Cerebral malaria, the acute encephalopathy which complicates exclusively the infection by Plasmodium falciparum commonly affects children and adolescents in hyperendemic areas. Plugging of cerebral capillaries and venules by clumped, parasitized red blood cells causing blood sludging in the capillary circulation is one hypothesis to explain its pathogenesis. The other is a humoral hypothesis which proposes a nonspecific, immune-mediated, inflammatory response with release of vasoactive substances capable of producing endothelial damage and alterations of permeability. Cerebral malaria has a mortality rate up to 50%, and also a considerable longterm morbidity, particularly in children. Hypoglycemia, largely in patients treated with quinine, may complicate the cerebral symptomatology. Other central nervous manifestations of malaria include intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral arterial occlusion, and transient extrapyramidal and neuropsychiatric manifestations. A self-limiting, isolated cerebellar ataxia, presumably caused by immunological mechanisms, in patients recovering from falciparum malaria has been recognized in Sri Lanka. Malaria is a common cause of febrile seizures in the tropics, and it also contributes to the development of epilepsy in later life. Several reports of spinal cord and peripheral nerve involvement are also available. A transient muscle paralysis resembling periodic paralysis during febrile episodes of malaria has been described in some patients. The pathogenesis of these neurological manifestations in malaria remains unexplored, but offers excellent perspectives for research at clinical as well as experimental level.
Texto completo:
Disponible
Índice:
IMSEAR (Asia Sudoriental)
Asunto principal:
Pronóstico
/
Humanos
/
Niño
/
Adolescente
/
Malaria Cerebral
/
Adulto
/
Hipoglucemia
/
Malaria
/
Enfermedades Musculares
/
Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso
Tipo de estudio:
Estudio pronóstico
Idioma:
Inglés
Revista:
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
Año:
1992
Tipo del documento:
Artículo
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