Protective efficacy of plasma-derived hepatitis beta vaccine in preventing perinatal transmission of HBV infection in infants of HBsAg/HBeAg positive mothers.

ABSTRACT

Two hundred and four newborn infants of HBsAg/HBeAg carrier mothers were randomly assigned into three groups. Group A (69 infants) received full-dose HB vaccine, group B (70 infants) received half-dose HB vaccine at birth, 1 month, 3 months and group C (65 infants) were untreated control group. After twelve months follow-up the cumulative incidence of HBs antigenemia was 17.2%, 30% in group A, B respectively as compared with 78.4% in group C (p less than 0.001). The protective efficacy rates (PER) of group A and B were 78.1% and 61.7% respectively (p less than 0.05). The vaccine was also effective in preventing persistent HBsAg carriers (HBsAg positive for at least 6 months). The PER of group A and B were at least 74.9% and 49.2% respectively (p less than 0.001) at 1 year follow-up. From the practical point of view and economic reasons administration of full-dose HB vaccine give better protection to high risk infants.