"Instant" new leprosy case-detection: an experience in Bihar State in India.

ABSTRACT

The National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP) is based on survey, education and treatment, including coverage of all the registered cases with multi-drug therapy (MDT). The Government of India introduced MDT in all leprosy endemic districts through a vertical set-up, and through mobile leprosy treatment units in low endemic districts. Anti-leprosy work has not been uniform in all the states and needed push-start in some, such as Bihar. There have been spurts of leprosy elimination activities and the entire populations of the regions have not been covered because of various administrative reasons and logistic problems. In Singhbhum district of Bihar, a successful attempt was made to cover the maximum population by campaign approach. The strategy was to involve all the field workers of the leprosy programme in the district, supported by a small group of experienced personnel. The campaign, lasting for 39 working days, resulted in detecting leprosy cases equivalent to 64% of cases detected during the previous one full year. The entire operation helped the local staff to gain experience that would be useful for the future of the NLEP, and also provide an insight into working practices. Similar campaign approach can be used in situations where case-detection activities are feeble and the implementation of MDT is slow. If such campaigns are repeated at appropriate intervals, it will be a great support to achieving the goal of leprosy elimination.