Current Challenges for the Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease: Brain Imaging and CSF Studies
Journal of Clinical Neurology
; : 153-166, 2009.
Article
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| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-15579
Biblioteca responsable:
WPRO
ABSTRACT
The development of prevention therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) would greatly benefit from biomarkers that are sensitive to the subtle brain changes that occur in the preclinical stage of the disease. Reductions in the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc), a measure of neuronal function, have proven to be a promising tool in the early diagnosis of AD. In vivo brain 2-[18F]fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging demonstrates consistent and progressive CMRglc reductions in AD patients, the extent and topography of which correlate with symptom severity. There is increasing evidence that hypometabolism appears during the preclinical stages of AD and can predict decline years before the onset of symptoms. This review will give an overview of FDG-PET results in individuals at risk for developing dementia, including: presymptomatic individuals carrying mutations responsible for early-onset familial AD; patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), often a prodrome to late-onset sporadic AD; non-demented carriers of the Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon4 allele, a strong genetic risk factor for late-onset AD; cognitively normal subjects with a family history of AD; subjects with subjective memory complaints; and normal elderly followed longitudinally until they expressed the clinical symptoms and received post-mortem confirmation of AD. Finally, we will discuss the potential to combine different PET tracers and CSF markers of pathology to improve the early detection of AD.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Índice:
WPRIM
Asunto principal:
Apolipoproteínas
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Encéfalo
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Biomarcadores
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Factores de Riesgo
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Elevación
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Demencia
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Diagnóstico Precoz
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Alelos
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Enfermedad de Alzheimer
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Neuroimagen
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
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Screening_studies
Límite:
Aged
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Journal of Clinical Neurology
Año:
2009
Tipo del documento:
Article