Efficacy of Bicalutamide 150-mg Monotherapy Compared With Combined Androgen Blockade in Patients With Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: We compared the efficacy, survival rate, and adverse events between bicalutamide 150-mg monotherapy and combined androgen blockade (CAB) in men with locally advanced prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2003 to July 2012, we retrospectively included 74 patients who were treated for more than 3 months and were followed up for more than 6 months. 25 men were treated with bicalutamide 150-mg only (group 1) and 49 men received CAB (group 2). Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) change, survival rate, and adverse events were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: The PSA levels before and after treatment were 37.0+/-32.8 ng/mL and 9.5+/-27.0 ng/mL in group 1 (p<0.001) and 50.2+/-40.0 ng/mL and 20.0+/-35.8 ng/mL in group 2 (p<0.001). Mean survival rates were 78.9% in group 1 and 52.3% in group 2 (p=0.055). There were no statistically significant differences in adverse events between the 2 groups (p=0.304). The International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) score before treatment was 19.3+/-5.9 in group 1 and 18.3+/-5.8 in group 2 (p=0.487). The IIEF-5 score after treatment was 17.1+/-6.3 in group 1 and 14.0+/-6.1 in group 2, which was a statistically significant difference (p=0.036). CONCLUSIONS: The PSA change, mean survival rate, and adverse events in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with bicalutamide 150-mg and CAB did not differ significantly. However, sexual function was better in the bicalutamide 150-mg group. Therefore, bicalutamide 150-mg monotherapy could be considered as a treatment for locally advanced prostate cancer in patients concerned about sexual function.