Extrapancreatic Effect of Glucagon like Peptide-1 / 대한내과학회지

ABSTRACT

Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an intestinal L cell derived incretin hormone which stimulates insulin secretion of beta cell and inhibits glucagon secretion of alpha cell of pancreatic islets. GLP-1 receptors are located in pancreas as well as in a wide variety of tissue such as gastrointestinal tract, heart, blood vessel, lung, brain, kidney, and bone. Therefore GLP-1 and GLP-1 based treatment have multiple extrapancreatic effects which are inhibition of gastrointestinal motility, reduction of appetite, weight loss, increase of cardiac output, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, renoprotection, and increase of bone mineral density. Recently, besides GLP-1 receptor dependent pathway, GLP-1 receptor independent pathway has been identified in the extrapancreatic effect of GLP-1 in liver, adipose tissue, muscle, cardiovascular system. This review provides an overview of the pleiotropic effect of GLP-1 in the extrapancreatic organ through review of animal and clinical research.