A Case of lambda-type Light Chain Deposition Disease Manifested as Acute Renal Failure and Multiple Organ Dysfunction by Embolic Events / 대한신장학회잡지

ABSTRACT

Light chain deposition disease is caused by systemic paraprotein deposition resulting from monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia. It is usually characterized rapidly progressive renal failure and multiple organ dysfunctions. Besides deposition of light chain, it can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions due to hyperviscosity syndrome. We experienced a case of 54-year-old man who presented as an acute renal failure, and elevation of liver enzyme. Radiologically, there was no abnormal finding except enlargement of both kidney in abdominal sonogram. Globulinuria was noticed on 24 hrs-urine study. The histologic findings of kidney showed lambda chain deposits in basement membrane of tubules and glomeruli, interstitium, and vessel walls. On 10th day of hospitalization, he developed sudden hypoxia that was not corrected by oxygen supplementation, and focal neurologic signs accompanied with a change of consciousness. We report a case of light chain deposition disease manifested as an acute renal failure and liver enzyme elevation with suspicious multiple organ embolic events later.