Effects of three-dimensional printed porous titanium scaffolds on bone ingrowth / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:With the development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, 3D printed porous titanium scaffolds as bone substitutes have become a research hotspot. OBJECTIVE:To introduce and discuss the effects of each parameter of 3D printed porous titanium scaffolds on bone ingrowth, and to sum out the optimal parameters for bone ingrowth. METHODS:The first author retrieved PubMed, Springerlink and Medline databases with“three-dimensional (3D) printing, scaffold, titanium, bone ingrowth”as keywords for relevant articles published from 2006 to 2016. 125 articles were retrieved initial y, and final y 42 eligible articles were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Pore size, porosity, pore structures and surface modifications of 3D printed porous titanium scaffolds al make effects on bone ingrowth or osteoblasts in scaffolds. Scaffolds with appropriate pore size and porosity can promote the vascularization and provide adequate nutrition and oxygen supplement, to ensure high cel viability. Regulations of cel performances, such as cel attachment, proliferation and differentiation, are also affected by pore structures and nano-scale surface modification. Herein, a detailed combination of the parameters, as mentioned above, can create a better porous scaffold for better bone ingrowth. Hence, the high-stability interface between bone and scaffolds may be obtained through the parameter adjustment.