Research progress of tumor immunotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors / 国际生物医学工程杂志

ABSTRACT

Immunotherapy has become a new treatment for malignant tumors following surgery,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy.Tumor immunotherapy is a hot topic in basic medical research and clinical research,in which the study on checkpoint protein inhibitors has attracted more attention.The previous studies confirmed that blocking certain checkpoints,such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1),can exert immunomodulatory effects in solid tumor treatments.Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated good efficacy in recent years.The PD-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) signaling pathway is one of the important pathways for tumor immune escape.PD-1/PD-L 1-targeted drugs can reactivate anti-tumor immunity and achieve good therapeutic effects in the treatment of various tumors.However,anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment has a certain adverse reaction rate,and the response rate of treatment needs to be improved.In this paper,the research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs in the treatment of solid tumors was summarized,such as malignant melanoma,lung cancer,renal cell carcinoma,gastrointestinal cancer,bladder cancer,etc.