Advances in methods and toxic mechanisms of rotenone-induced Parkinson disease models / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

ABSTRACT

It is important to establish animal models of Parkinson disease (PD) similar to clinical features of human disease. Rotenone can readily penetrate the blood-brain-barrier and cytomem-branes due to its strong lipophilic ability. Rotenone models of PD can not only simulate behavioral changes in patients with PD, but also bear a strong resemblance to the human disease characteristics and pathological process of PD. Based on to researches at home and abroad in recent years, this paper summarizes and analyzes the modeling methods and toxic mechanisms of rotenone-induced PD. These methods include stereotaxis, intravenous injection, abdominal injection, subcutaneous injection, microdialysis drug, intragastric administration, subcutaneous embedded slow-release microspheres and exposure to drugs. The In vitro model invotves SH-SY5Y cells, PC12 cells and DA neurons. The toxic mechanisms involveα-synuclein abnormal aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, the generation of reactive oxygen species, damage to the antioxidant defense system, nerve cell apoptosis, and autophagy.