Kaposi sarcoma after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review / 中华器官移植杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the epidemiology,clinical features,etiology and treatment of Kaposi sarcoma after kidney transplantation through the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with Kaposi sarcoma after kidney transplantation.Methods The clinical data of a 61-year-old man with Kaposi sarcoma who had kidney transplantation in 2015 were retrospectively analyzed,and the relevant leteratures at home and abroad were reviewed.The patient was an elderly male who underwent renal allograft transplantation for end-stage uremia,and the operation was successful.Preoperative detection of antibodies such as EB virus were negative.Besides,the donor donated organs after the death of the citizen (donation after cardiac death).The man developed dark brown plaques on the outside of his right lower leg and had a roundish-purple tumor on his left ear at the end of 3 months after kidney transplantation,gradually increasing without any other special discomfort.After admission,relevant examinations showed that the function of the transplanted kidney was stable and no other related lesions were found.HIV confirmatory test was negative and the pathology was consistent with Kaposi sarcoma.Therefore,the diagnosis was Kaposi sarcoma and kidney transplantation status.Results Then,the treatment was modified.The cyclosporine +mycophenolate mofetil + prednisone triple immunosuppressive regimen was discontinued and the immunosuppressive drug was changed to sirolimus at a concentration of about 5.69 ng/mL.After treatment for half a year,the Kaposi sarcoma disappeared gradually.Furthermore,the graft function was still stable and up to now,no recurrence of Kaposi sarcoma has been observed.Conclusion Though characteristics of skin lesion are helpful,confirmed diagnosis relies on pathology.And sirolimus may be effective in the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma after kidney transplantation.