A Novel Immunomodulatory Mechanism Dependent on Acetylcholine Secreted by Human Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
International Journal of Stem Cells
;
: 315-330, 2019.
Artículo
en Inglés
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-764072
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used to treat autoimmune or inflammatory diseases. Our aim was to determine the immunomodulatory mechanisms elicited by MSCs during inflammation. METHODS ANDRESULTS:
We cocultured MSCs with peripheral blood mononuclear cells for a mixed lymphocyte reaction or stimulated them by phytohemagglutinin. Morphological changes of MSCs and secretion of acetylcholine (ACh) from MSCs were measured. The effects of an ACh antagonist and ACh agonist on lymphocyte proliferation and proinflammatory-cytokine production were determined. The inflammatory milieu created by immune-cell activation caused MSCs to adopt a neuronlike phenotype and induced them to release ACh. Additionally, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) were upregulated in activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We observed that ACh bound to nAChR on activated immune cells and led to the inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and of proinflammatory-cytokine production. MSC-mediated immunosuppression through ACh activity was reversed by an ACh antagonist called α-bungarotoxin, and lymphocyte proliferation was inhibited by an ACh agonist, ACh chloride.CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings point to a novel immunomodulatory mechanism in which ACh secreted by MSCs under inflammatory conditions might modulate immune cells. This study may provide a novel method for the treatment of autoimmune diseases by means of MSCs.
Texto completo:
Disponible
Índice:
WPRIM (Pacífico Occidental)
Asunto principal:
Fenotipo
/
Enfermedades Autoinmunes
/
Linfocitos
/
Acetilcolina
/
Terapia de Inmunosupresión
/
Receptores Nicotínicos
/
Prueba de Cultivo Mixto de Linfocitos
/
Células Madre Mesenquimatosas
/
Inflamación
/
Métodos
Límite:
Humanos
Idioma:
Inglés
Revista:
International Journal of Stem Cells
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Artículo
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