Fat Embolism Syndrome: Report of 6 cases / 대한정형외과학회잡지

ABSTRACT

Fat embolism is one of a rare catastrophic complication after multiple fraetures and extensive soft tissue injury. Many hypothesis on its pathogenesis has been postulated by many writers, still its exact pathogenesis, definite diagnostic criteria and treatment is not established. Nowadays fat embolism is considered as a respiratory insufficiency syndrome, even disseminated intravascular coagulation rather than isolated phenomena after extensive trauma of musculoakeletal system. Respiratory failure associated with fat embolism is a major cause of death, but is usually seIf-limited and is responsive to intensive treatment. Monitoring of blood gas is required for early diagnosis and respiratory supportive treatment with continued monitoring is necessary until resolution. The writers experienced six cases of fat embolism, at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital for the period of three years from June 1974 till May 1977. Respiratory support, parenteral steroid and low molecular weight dextran with other supportive measure was a mainstay of treatment. Of six cases, five was recovered without sequalae and one was expired four days after trauma.