Application of sputum cell DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique in early non-invasive screening of lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To investigate the application value of sputum cell DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique in early non-invasive screening of lung cancer.@*Methods@#The clinical data of 84 patients with lung cancer (lung cancer group) and 84 patients with benign lung disease (lung benign disease group) who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from April 2016 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and 80 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The sputum samples of all subjects were collected, and 55 corresponding lavage fluid samples in the lung cancer group were also collected. A fully automated cell tumor screening analysis system was used to make DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in all specimens, and the results were compared with sputum smear and liquid-based thin-layer cytology results.@*Results@#The positive detection rates of routine smear, liquid-based thin-layer cytology and DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in lung cancer group were 4.76% (4/84), 29.76% (25/84) and 45.24% (38/84). The positive detection rate of liquid-based thin-layer cytology and DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of routine smear, and the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 18.38, P < 0.01; χ2 = 36.70, P < 0.01); the positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of liquid-based thin-layer cytology, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 4.29, P = 0.038). The positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis in lavage fluid samples was higher than that in sputum samples [65.45% (36/55) vs. 50.91% (28/55)], but the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2 = 2.39, P = 0.122). For peripheral lung cancer patients, the positive detection rate of DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of liquid-based thin-layer cytology (χ 2 = 4.55, P = 0.033). The positive detection rate of squamous cell carcinoma [52.17% (24/46)] by using DNA ploidy quantitative analysis was higher than that of adenocarcinoma [36.36% (8/22)], small cell carcinoma [26.36% (4/11)] and adenosquamous carcinoma [40.00% (2/5)], but the differences were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05).@*Conclusions@#DNA ploidy quantitative analysis technique of sputum cells can directly reflect the malignant transformation of early lung cancer patients compared with traditional smear method and liquid-based thin-layer technology. Its positive detection rate is higher than that of the conventional detection method, which can be used as a valuable reference index for early screening of lung cancer.