Analysis of risk factors of decreased heart rate variability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

ABSTRACT

Objective • To analyze the related risk factors of decreased heart rate variability (HRV) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods • A total of 210 cases with T2DM in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2014 were divided into two groups by the levels of urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) and serum triacylglycerol (TAG), and with/without hypertension, respectively. By comparing the differences of clinical characteristics, HRV parameters and other general clinical data between the two groups, the correlations between HRV indexes and their risk factors were explored. Results • The average heart rate of the whole day was higher, and SDNN [normal RR intervals of sinus beats (NN intervals) standard deviation] was lower in the high UACR group than those in the normal UACR group (both P<0.05). The average heart rate of the whole day was higher, while SDNN and pNN50 (percentage of total heart beats with adjacent NN intervals greater than 50 ms) were lower in the hypertriglyceridemia group than those in the normal TAG group (all P<0.05). Minimum frequency domain power hour was lower in the hypertension group than that in the normotension group (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that the linear correlativity between TAG and SDNN was very prominent (P<0.05), as well as between the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the average heart rate of the whole day, SDNN, frequency domain power 24 hours and minimum frequency domain power hour (all P<0.05). Similarly, the age was linearly correlated significantly with the average heart rate of the whole day, SDNN, SDANN (the standard deviation of the mean NN intervals every 5 min), frequency domain power 24 hours, minimum frequency domain power hour and maximum frequency domain power hour (all P<0.05). Conclusion • Age, TAG level and hypertension are the risk factors of decreased HRV in T2DM patients. Thus, early detection of the decrease of HRV in these patients can prevent the cardiovascular events of T2DM.