Structure features of polysaccharides from Chrysanthemum morifolium and their activities against tumor cells and NF-κB / 中草药

ABSTRACT

Objective: To clarify the structure features of polysaccharides from Chrysanthemum morifolium (PCM) and to study their activities against tumor cells and NF-κB. Methods: Six homogeneous neutral polysaccharides were obtained from three kinds of C. morifolium (Hangju, Huaiju, and Boju) flowers by successive hot water extraction, followed by ethanol precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography. Their primary structures were characterized by HPGPC, IR, GC, and GC-MS analyses. Their bioactivities were examined by MTT assay using PANC-1 and LO2 cells. In addition, NF-κB signaling activation in PANC-1 and LO2 cells treated by polysaccharides were also measured. Results: The weight-average molecular mass of the six PCM, CMTA0S1, CMTA0S3, CMJA0S1, CMJA0S2, CMBA0S1, and CMBA0S3 was 7.523 × 104, 7.80 × 103, 7.80 × 104, 1.04 × 104, 5.79 × 104, and 1.35 × 104, respectively. CMTA0S1, CMJA0S1, and CMBA0S1 mainly contained galactose (Gal), arabinose (Ara) and glucose (Glc) residues in molar ratio of 1.231.000.20, 2.181.000.53, and 3.301.000.75, while CMTA0S3, CMJA0S2, and CMBA0S3 mainly contained Gal, Ara, Glc, and mannose (Man) residues in molar ratio of 0.731.000.400.21, 1.391.000.84 0.55, and 1.191.000.480.19. Methylation analysis indicated that six PCM primarily consisted of T-arabinofuranosyl, 1, 5-arabinofuranosyl, 1, 4-galactopyranosyl, 1, 3, 6-galactopyranosyl, and 1, 4-glucopyranosyl residues. The biological activity study suggested that all the PCM could inhibit the growth of PANC-1 cells. Among them the inhibitory rates of CMTA0S3 and CMJA0S2 were at most to 70% with concentration-effect relationship. The NF-κB inhibition test indicated that only the crude polysaccharide CMBA had strong immunosuppressive activity, and homogeneous polysaccharides CMTA0S1 and CMJA0S1 showed potential immunostimulation. Conclusion: The six homogeneous polysaccharides share similar structures and inhibition on PANC-1 cells growth. Meanwhile they also may regulate the NF-κB activation.