Protective effects of methazolamide on acute exposure to high altitude / 中国药学杂志

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of acute exposure to 4300 m altitude environments on the body pathophysiological, serum, TNF-α and IL-1β of Wistar rats and protective effect of methazolamide on Wistar rats. METHODS: Twenty-eight Healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into plain (altitude of 55 m) control group, high altitude (altitude of 4300 m) model group, high altitude methazolamide group, and high altitude acetazolamide group. After being intragastric administration with 0.9% sodium chloride injection, methazolamide (2 times a day, 2.23 mg·kg-1) and acetazolamide (2 times a day, 22.33 mg·kg-1) for 5 consecutive days. The biochemical, blood gas, the pathological results of rats were analyzed. The TNF-α and IL-1β content were detected from the blood samples. RESULTS: Blood and biochemical results showed the high altitude might cause dehydration in rats. Compared with the plain control group, each index of the high altitude model group changed significantly (P<0.01), compared with the high altitude group, the aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), pH value, bicarbonate concentration (cHCO3-), buffer base (BB), base excess (BE) of methazolamide and acetazolamide group were significantly decreased (P<0.01), indicated that methazolamide and acetazolamide had protective effect on rat liver.The total protein (TP), urea solution (UREA), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), sodium concentration (cNa+), chloride concentration (cCl-) were significantly increased (P<0.01), indicated that the high altitude group had metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis, and liver and lung tissue had pathological damaged.Compared with the acetazolamide group, the methazolamide group damaged less.Compared with plain control group, serum TNF-α of high altitude groups significantly increased, IL-β of high altitude groups decreased significantly, which, serum TNF-a, IL-1β levels of acetazolamide and methazolamide group were significantly higher than high altitude model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Methazolamide can improve acute high altitude physiological and biochemical status of rats, reduce inflammatory injury, with a good protective effect of hypoxia.