Clinical effect of low-level laser on severe periodontitis / 国际生物医学工程杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of basic periodontal therapy combined with low-level laser irradiation on patients with severe periodontitis.Methods:18 patients with severe periodontitis (a total of 43 teeth samples) were enrolled from the Dental Department of Tianjin First Central Hospital from June 2018 to May 2019. The patients were averagely divided into the control group (20 teeth) and the experimental group (23 teeth) according to the random number table method. All the teeth were firstly received basic periodontal treatment. In the experimental group, the gingival pouch of the teeth was irradiated with low energy laser for 15 s on the 1st, 2nd, and 7th days after the basic periodontal treatment, in which the output power is 80 mw, the energy density is 4 J/cm 2, and irradiated area is 0.28 cm 2. Before the treatment and 1 week and 4 weeks after the treatment, the periodontal probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival sulcus bleeding index (SBI) of the teeth of the control group and the experimental group were detected, and the gingival sulcus of the two groups were collected at the same time. The level of basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) in gingival crevicular fluid was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the level of serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was detected by immunoturbidimetry. Results:Before the treatment, there were no significant differences in the age, PD, CAL, SBI, hs-CRP and b-FGF levels of patients with severe periodontitis between the two groups (all P>0.05). One week after the treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in PD, CAL, hs-CRP and b-FGF levels between the two groups (all P>0.05), and the SBI of the experimental group (2.43±0.97) was lower than that of the control group (4.13±0.78), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Four weeks after the treatment, the SBI of the experimental group (2.26±0.96) was lower than that of the control group (3.75±0.72) ( P<0.01), there was no statistical difference between the two groups in PD and CAL (all P>0.05), the b-FGF level of the experimental group [(35.28±5.41) pg/30 s] was higher than that of the control group [(33.45±2.37) pg/30 s] ( P<0.05), and the serum hs-CRP level of the experimental group [(3.23±1.73) mg/L] was significantly lower than that of the control group [(5.79±0.63) mg/L] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Low-level laser therapy can effectively reduce the SBI of severe periodontitis patients in the short term, but it has little significance for reducing PD and improving CAL. At the same time, low-level laser therapy can reduce the serum hs-CRP level of patients and increase the level of b-FGF in gingival sulcus fluid, which is beneficial to the control of severe periodontal inflammation.