Tissue wasting and perioperative treatment strategies of pancreatic cancer patients / 中华消化外科杂志

ABSTRACT

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignancy of the digestive system, with low early diagnosis rate and poor prognosis. Cancer cachexia, muscle and adipose tissue wasting are important factors affecting surgical complications and long-term prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. On one hand, the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer cachexia are associated with the decrease of food intake. On the other hand, the characteristic of tumor hypermetabolism, many inflammatory factors, fat and protein regulatory factors and many neuroendocrine pathways are also involved in pancreatic cancer cachexia. At present, the understanding of cancer cachexia and tissue wasting is not comprehensive, and the diagnostic methods are not unified. The main screening method is based on body mass index, but it is not applicable to obese patients. The detection of serum cytokines and determination of intramuscular fat content based on the abdominal computed tomography scan also play pivotal roles in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer cachexia. Perioperative inhibition of tissue wasting can not only reduce surgical complications, but also improve the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. However, there is no effective method to completely reverse cancer cachexia. Multidisciplinary treatment is the routine therapy. Surgical treatment to remove the tumor is the fundamental measure to impede the development of cachexia. In addition, strengthening nutritional support, reducing inflammation and stress reaction, reducing the muscle wasting are also important in the treatment of cachexia during the perioperative period. Combined with self experience, the authors comprehensively analyze research advances, summarize the etiology, molecular mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of tissue wasting, in order to investigate tissue wasting and perioperative treatment strategies of pancreatic cancer patients.