Effect of Topical Bromfenac as a Treatment of Cystoid Macular Edema Following Pars Plana Vitrectomy

ABSTRACT

Purpose@#To investigate the functional and anatomical effectiveness of bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution for the treatment of cystoid macular edema (CME) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). @*Methods@#A retrospective chart review of 53 patients was performed. Thirty-seven eyes received topical 0.1% bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID] group), and 16 eyes were treated with subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection (injection group). Of the NSAID group, 27 eyes underwent PPV with cataract surgery, and 10 eyes underwent PPV without cataract surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured at baseline and monthly after treatment initiation over a 6-month period. @*Results@#No significant difference in mean BCVA from baseline was found for either group over the 6-month follow-up. The injection group showed significantly greater improvement in CMT than the NSAID group at 4 months; however, there was no significant difference between the two groups at the 5-month follow-up visit. IOP was significantly higher in the injection group (p = 0.035 at 2 months), but not in the NSAID group. In the NSAID group, neither PPV group, with and without cataract surgery, showed any significant difference in mean BCVA from baseline over the 6 months of follow-up. The baseline CMT was significantly greater in the PPV with cataract surgery group than in the PPV without cataract surgery group (p = 0.023). However, at the 1-month follow-up, no significant difference in mean CMT from baseline values was observed in either group over the remaining follow-up examinations, up to 6 months. @*Conclusions@#Topical bromfenac resulted in an improvement in the BCVA and a reduction in the CMT, with a less adverse effect in the treatment of CME after PPV, regardless of whether cataract surgery was performed at the same time.