Serum vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

ABSTRACT

RESULTS@#The pooled estimates (95% CI) for MetS per 25-nmol/L increment in serum vitamin D concentration were 0.80 (95% CI, 0.76–0.84; I2 = 53.5) in cross-sectional studies, and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.72–0.98; I2 = 85.8) in cohort studies. Similar results were observed, irrespectively of age of study population, study location, MetS criteria, and adjustment factors. There was no publication bias for the dose-response meta-analysis of serum vitamin D concentrations and MetS. @*CONCLUSIONS@#Dose-response meta-analysis demonstrated that a 25-nmol/L increment in the serum vitamin D concentration was associated with 20% and 15% lower risks of MetS in cross-sectional studies and cohort studies, respectively.