Effect of Three Microbial Fertilizers on Growth，Yield，Quality and Cadmium Accumulation of Chuanxiong Rhizoma / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of three kinds of microbial fertilizers on the growth， yield， quality， and cadmium （Cd） accumulation of Chuanxiong Rhizoma （CX）. MethodTaking CX seeds as materials， field experiments were carried out in the main producing areas， Pengzhou and Meishan. The samples were collected during the harvesting period， and the agronomic characters and yield were determined. The contents of extract， volatile oil， and ferulic acid were analyzed by the collection method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2020 edition）. The content of Cd was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. Data were processed by difference significance analysis， correlation analysis and cluster analysis. ResultThree kinds of microbial fertilizers with appropriate concentrations could promote the growth of CX. In terms of yield and quality， the treatment of Jinwuzong （1.50 ton/hm2， 1 ton=1 000 kg， the same below） and Cuijingyuan （1.5 L·hm-2） could increase the yield of medicinal materials by 0.92%-46.34%， while Cuijingyuan （1.8 L·hm-2） and Shenchu （15， 30 kg·hm-2） could increase the water-soluble extract of CX by 0.06%-18.79%， of which Cuijingyuan （1.8 L·hm-2） was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The alcohol-soluble extract of CX treated with Jinwuzong （0.75， 1.50， 2.25 ton/hm2）， Shenchu （15， 45 kg·hm-2）， and Cuijingyuan （1.2 L·hm-2） decreased significantly by 3.51%-22.94% （P<0.01）. The content of ferulic acid in CX treated with Jinwuzong （1.50 ton/hm2） and Shenchu （30 kg·hm-2） decreased by 2.14%-30.56%. Three kinds of microbial fertilizers had little effect on the content of volatile oil in CX. In the aspect of Cd enrichment， the concentration of Cd in rhizosphere soil of CX was increased by 11.33%-76.36% （P<0.01） after the treatment of Jinwuzong （0.75， 1.50， 2.25 ton/hm2）， Shenchu （15， 30， 45 kg·hm-2） and Cuijingyuan （1.2 L·hm-2）. However， the Cd enrichment coefficient of CX reduced by 2.58%-48.38%， the Cd content and Cd accumulation of CX decreased respectively by 9.54%-25.96% and 9.34%-18.88% via Jinwuzong （0.75 ton/hm2） and Cuijingyuan （1.8 L·hm-2）. ConclusionThree kinds of microbial fertilizers have a certain positive effect on the growth， substance accumulation， and reduction of Cd content in medicinal parts of CX， and the changes of each index are affected by the producing area and treatment method. Based on the comprehensive analysis of various indicators， Jinwuzong （0.75， 1.50 ton/hm2） can better adapt to the rhizosphere soil micro-ecological environment of CX， it can effectively reduce the content of Cd on the premise of guaranteeing the yield and quality of CX.