Massive Intraventricular Air Embolism after Contrast-enhanced CT: Report of Two Cases

ABSTRACT

Venous air embolism, although considered as a rare condition, it occurs more frequently than it is recognized. Air embolism has been reported to occur after contrast-enhanced CT examination in up to 23% of patients. Because these emboli are usually small to moderate size and they are venous, the patients are usually asymptomatic. However, a large amount of intravenous air can cause disastrous consequences and it can be fatal. The author reports here on 2 cases of symptomatic massive intraventricular air embolism after contrast enhanced CT with a brief review of the pathophysiology and the recommended treatment of air embolization.