Clinical efficacy of Bacille Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid combined with montelukast in the treatment of bronchial asthma and its effect on lung function and serum inflammatory factor level / 中国基层医药

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Bacille Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid combined with montelukast in the treatment of bronchial asthma and its effect on lung function and serum inflammatory factor level.Methods:Eighty patients with bronchial asthma who met inclusion criteria and received treatment in The First People's Hospital of Huzhou from January 2019 to December 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to undergo either routine systematic treatment and oral montelukast (control group, n = 40) or routine systematic treatment, oral montelukast, and intramuscular injection of Bacille Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid in combination (combined group, n = 40). The changes in serum inflammatory factors and pulmonary function after treatment relative to before treatment, clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:Total response rate in the control and combined groups was 80.00% (32/40) and 95.00% (38/40) respectively. Total response rate in the combined group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( χ2 = 4.11, P = 0.043). There were no significant differences in peak expiratory flow rate, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, maximum voluntary ventilation, forced vital capacity, airway resistance and forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity between the two groups before treatment (all P > 0.05). In the combined group, peak expiratory flow rate, forced expiratory volume in 1 second,forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity, maximum voluntary ventilation and forced vital capacity were significantly increased, and airway resistance was significantly decreased after treatment compared with before treatment ( t = -4.81, -5.09, -7.39, -4.12, -7.14, 5.17, all P < 0.001). After treatment, clinical efficacy in the combined group was superior to that in the control group. Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score and Asthma Control Test score between the two groups (both P > 0.05). After treatment, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score in the combined group was significantly decreased, while Asthma Control Test score was significantly increased compared with before treatment ( t = 9.19, -3.44, both P < 0.001). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in serum interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interferon-γ levels between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After treatment, serum levels of interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interferon-γ in the combined group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 6.95, 4.72, -11.24, all P < 0.001). No drugs-related adverse reactions were found in each group during the treatment period. Conclusion:Bacille Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid combined with montelukast is highly effective on bronchial asthma. The combined therapy can improve quality of life and lung function, decrease serum inflammatory factor levels, and is safe.