Iodine nutrition status and influencing factors of thyroid volume of children aged 8 - 10 years in Shiyan City, Hubei Province / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To study the iodine nutrition status and influencing factors of thyroid volume of children aged 8 - 10 years in Shiyan City, Hubei Province.Methods:From June 2019 to October 2020, in 8 counties (cities, districts) under the jurisdiction of Shiyan City, Hubei Province, each county (city, district) was divided into 5 districts according to the east, west, south, north, and center. One township (street) was selected in each district, and 40 children aged 8 to 10 years from one primary school (age balanced, half male and half female), were selected in each township (street), and their home salt samples and once random urine sample were taken to detect salt iodine and urinary iodine levels. At the same time, thyroid volume measurements and physical examination were performed.Results:A total of 3 172 salt samples were collected from children's homes, with a salt iodine content of 23.68 mg/kg. The iodine salt coverage rate was 99.81% (3 166/3 172), and the qualified iodine salt consumption rate was 96.72% (3 068/3 172). A total of 3 172 urine samples were collected from children, with a median urinary iodine level of 241.87 μg/L, indicating that iodine nutrition was at a super optimal level. There were statistically significant differences in the median urinary iodine among children of different genders and regions ( Z = - 3.63, H = 160.83, P < 0.001). The thyroid of 1 191 children was examined, and the goiter rate was 0.67% (8/1 191), and there were statistically significant differences in the goiter rate of children of different ages and regions (χ 2 = 6.41, 11.91, P = 0.040, 0.002). The correlation analysis results showed that there was a negative correlation between urinary iodine and thyroid volume in children ( r = - 0.08, P = 0.025); according to age stratification, there were positive correlation between height, weight, body surface area, and thyroid volume in children aged 8, 9 and 10 years ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:The iodine nutrition of 8 - 10 years old children in Shiyan City is in an over appropriate level, and the goiter rate is low. Urinary iodine, height, weight, and body surface area of children are all factors influencing thyroid volume.