Clinical characteristics and meteorological factors of patients with chronic heart failure in Qinghai plateau area / 公共卫生与预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and meteorological factors of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in Qinghai Plateau area, and to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic heart failure. Methods A total of 356 patients with CHF admitted to our hospital in Qinghai Plateau area from 2019 to 2020 were selected, and the number of cases, age, gender, comorbidity, NYHA cardiac function classification of CHF patients in Qinghai Plateau area from 2019 to 2020 were counted. To compare NYHA cardiac function classification and underlying diseases in CHF patients at different ages and altitudes in Qinghai Plateau area. The daily average temperature (℃), daily temperature and daily range (℃), daily average wind speed (m/s), daily average air pressure (kPa) and daily average relative humidity (%) in Qinghai Plateau from 2019 to 2020 were collected. According to the general clinical data of patients, the changes of the monthly incidence of CHF patients were analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the correlation between the monthly incidence of CHF patients and meteorological factors, and to explore the influence of meteorological factors on the incidence of CHD in Qinghai Plateau. Results Among the 356 CHF patients, there were 181 males and 175 females, with an average age of (72.47 ±6.49) years old. The NYHA classification of cardiac function was grade II in 103 cases, grade ⅲ in 198 cases, and grade ⅳ in 55 cases. NYHA cardiac function classification increased with age, and there was significant difference in NYHA cardiac function classification among CHF patients of different ages (P<0.05). Among 356 CHF patients, 91 cases (25.56%) were complicated with hypertension, 63 cases (17.70%) were complicated with coronary heart disease, 57 cases (16.01%) were complicated with diabetes, and 40 cases (11.24%) were complicated with hypergenic heart disease. 25 cases (7.02%) were complicated with heart valve disease. Hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypergenic heart disease and valvular heart disease increased with age, and there were statistically significant differences between CHF patients with different ages and underlying diseases (P<0.05). CHF patients in Qinghai Plateau region were mainly concentrated in January-March and October-December. Taking the number of CHD admissions as the dependent variable and each meteorological factor as the independent variable, the correlation between each factor was compared. The results showed that the number of CHF cases was positively correlated with the daily temperature range and daily mean air pressure, and negatively correlated with the average daily temperature (P<0.05). Daily temperature range (OR=2.61) and daily mean air pressure (OR=1.89) were independent risk factors for CHF in Qinghai Plateau area (P<0.05). Conclusion CHF is more prevalent in elderly people in high altitude areas in Qinghai Plateau. For months with high temperature changes, wind speed, we should pay attention to weather changes and take preventive measures in advance.