Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de 25 casos de COVID-19 atendidos en la Clínica Delgado de Lima / Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 25 cases of COVID-19 treated at the Delgado Clinic in Lima

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Presentar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con COVID-19 atendidos en un hospital privado de Lima. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y seccional. Se presenta a los 25 casos atendidos desde el día 9 de marzo al 27 demarzo del presente año, durante la pandemia actual, que fueron atendidos en el Departamento de Emergencia de la Clínica Delgado, Miraflores, Lima. Todos ellos fueron positivos para rRT-PCR para coronavirus, realizados en el Instituto Nacional de Salud. Resultados: Casos importados, 24% o primeros contactos de ellos, 48%. Doce (48%) fueron varones. La mediana de edad fue de 38 años (rango 11-67 años) para varones y 44 años (rango 33-71 años) para mujeres; y una mediana global de 40 años (rango 11-71 años). Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron fiebre 84%, tos seca 84%, disnea 56%, odinofagia 56%, coriza 32%, cefalea 24%, dolor torácico 24%, diarrea 16%, mialgia 8%, y fatiga 4%. Las comorbilidades se hallaron en el 16% (hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, cáncer, asma e hipotiroidismo). Requirió hospitalización el 40% (10/25) de los casos, y sólo 8% (2/25) necesitó ser admitido a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). No hubo ningún paciente fallecido. Conclusiones: Encontramos que la mayoría fueron casos importados o relacionados, no hubo diferencias en el sexo, mayor frecuencia entre la cuarta y quinta década de la vida, cuadro clínico característico (fiebre, tos y disnea), presencia de comorbilidades, menos de la mitad requirió hospitalización, hallazgos característicos en la TEM pulmonar y muy pocos requirieron ingresar a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. (AU)

ABSTRACT

Objective: To present the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with COVID-19 treated in a private hospital in Lima. Material and Methods: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study is shown. There were 25 cases attended from March 9 to March 27 this year, during the current pandemic, which were treated at the Emergency Service of the Clinic Delgado, Miraflores, Lima. All of them were positive for rRT-PCR testing for coronavirus, performed at the Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima. Results: Imported cases, 24% or their first contacts, 48%. Twelve (48%) were male. The median age was 38 year-old (range 11-67 year-old) for males and 44 year-old (range 33-71 year-old) for women; and, a global median of 40 year-old (range 11-71 year-old). Clinical manifestations were fever 84%, dry cough 84%, dyspnea 56%, odynophagia 56%, coryza 32%, headache 24%, chest pain 24%, diarrhea 16%, myalgia 8%, and fatigue 4%. Comorbidities were found in 16% (high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus type 2, cancer, asthma and hypothyroidism). Forty per cent of cases required hospitalization, and only 8% needed to be admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). There was no deceased patient. Conclusions: We found that imported and related cases were majority, there were no differences in sex, more frequency between the fourth and fifth decade of life, characteristic clinical picture was present (fever, cough and dyspnea), comorbidities were found, less than a half required hospitalization, characteristic findings in pulmonary TEM were found and very few required entry into the ICU. (AU)