Associação entre nível de atividade física nos diferentes domínios e sintomas do envelhecimento masculino / Association between physical activity levels in different domains and aging male symptoms

RESUMO

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação dos escores geral e parciais (psicológicos, somáticos e sexuais) dos sintomas do envelhecimento masculino com o nível de atividade física (AF) nos diferentes domínios (doméstico, trabalho, deslocamento e lazer). Foi realizado estudo transversal de base populacional, com amostra representativa de homens de 40 anos de idade ou mais residentes na zona urbana de Pelotas-RS (n=421). Para avaliar os sintomas do envelhecimento masculino foi utilizada a escala The Aging Male's Symptoms Scale (AMS) e para verificar o nível de AF nos diferentes domínios foi utilizado o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), versão longa. Foram considerados ativos aqueles que realizaram ao menos 150 minutos por semana de AF e com sintomas do envelhecimento aqueles com escore igual ou superior a 37 pontos na escala AMS. O escore geral dos sintomas do envelhecimento masculino esteve significativa e inversamente associado com o nível de AF nos domínios do lazer (p = 0,04) e doméstico (p = 0,02). Adicionalmente, o escore dos sintomas somáticos do envelhecimento esteve associado com o nível de AF no lazer (p=0,02). Concluiu-se que que homens mais ativos fisicamente no lazer e no domicílio tendem a apresentar menores sintomas do envelhecimento, bem como os ativos no lazer apresentam menores sintomas somáticos. A prática regular de AF deve ser incentivada em homens com mais de 40 anos, pois a inatividade física potencializa o processo de envelhecimento.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the whole and the partial scores (psychological, somatic and sexual) of aging males' symptoms and physical activity level (PA) in different domains assessed separately (at home, at work, commuting and at leisure-time). This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of men aged 40 years or older living in the urban area of Pelotas, southern Brazil (n=421). The Aging Males' Symptoms Scale (AMS scale) was used to assess aging males' symptoms and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), long version, was used to verify the level of PA. Those who performed at least 150 min/week of PA were considered active and those with a score ≥ 37 points on the AMS scale were considered positive to aging symptoms. The whole aging males' symptoms score was inversely associated with the level of PA in leisure-time and domestic activities (p=0.04 and p=0.02, respectively); insufficiently active males showed more aging symptoms in comparison with the active. The somatic symptoms were also associated with the PA level in the leisure-time domain, where the insufficiently active males in this domain presented more symptoms in comparison to the active (p=0.02). It was concluded that physically active men in leisure-time and domestic activities tend to have lower aging symptoms, as well as active men in leisure time have lower somatic symptoms. Systematic practice of PA should be encouraged for men aged 40 years or older as physical inactivity enhances the aging process.