Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bloodstream isolates at Jordan hospital intensive care unit: three years experience

ABSTRACT

To identify the most common species isolated from blood in a nosocomial setting and to assess the patterns of antimicrobials susceptibility of these isolates. In addition, to add to the regional antibiogram data that is ever changing, and to monitor highly resistant pathogens that are spreading in the region. This study was conducted at Jordan Hospital Intensive Care Unit over three years period [January 2006-December 2008]. Bloodstream isolates were utilized as a model to study susceptibility patterns, for that BSPs are less liable for contamination. All isolated micro-organisms were cultured in an automated culture machine [VersaTek] and antimicrobials susceptibility testing was precessed through [Viteck 1]. Identified isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility data were uploaded into Microsoft Excel Sheet. The most common Bloodstream isolates were coagulase-negative Staphylococci [38.1%], E.coli [12.4%], S. aureus [9.8%], Acinetobacter spp. [8.7%], Serratia spp. [8.2%] and Klebsiella spp. [6.1%]. Gram-negative isolates showed high prevalence of Extended-spectrum p-lactamse-producers [19.3%] distributed; E. coli [47.0%] isolates, Klebsiella [29.4%] and Serratia spp. [23.5%]. Escherichia coli isolates was 96% susceptible to Imipenem, Amikacin and Pipracillin/Tazobactam [PIP/TAZ], 59% susceptible to Ceftazidime and 57% susceptible to Cefepime. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 67% susceptible to antipseudomonal P-lactams but 33% to Ciprofloxacin. Klebsiella and Serratia marscecence isolates were all susceptible to Imipenem and Amikacin. Acinetobacter was 24% Imipenem-susceptible. Nineteen S. aureus were isolated with 12 Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus [63%]. Methicillin resistant contributed to [31%] among 74 CoNS blood stream isolates. Enterococci were all susceptible to Vancomycin, teicoplanin, but 50% susceptible to Amoxicillin/Clavulanate. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci bloodstream isolates were dominating at Jordan Hospital Incentive Care Unit for the years [2006-2008]. Methicillin Resistance Staphlococcus Aureus were high in prevalence among Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream isolates; in addition, Extended-Spectrum 6-Lactamse producers among gram-negative isolates were also high. These findings may help shedding some light on the region antibiogram, and initial empiric therapy for septic patients the in Intensive Care Unit settings