Schistosomiasis and control activities in Gizan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study is to investigate the magnitude of schistosomiasis haematobium in Gizan area together with the epidemiological factors involved in the transmission of the disease in order to plan more effective control measures. Maps of districts were prepared and village censuses were compiled. Urine samples were examined by filtration and positive individuals were treated by praziquantel. The role of population movements in transmission was investigated by interview, urine examinations and observations. Detailed maps of all water bodies were made and snail sampling stations established and surveyed regularly by man/hour method. Focal snail control by Baylutox and by environmental management were carried out. The overall prevalence of S. haematobium was reduced from 8.0% to less than 1%. Snail densities were dramatically reduced and transmission stopped for two years. Population movements, topography of the area and rain fall cycles are important factors in the dynamics of transmission. An integrated eradication strategy was planned, utilizing primary health care system