Diagnostic yield of fine needle aspiration cytology and biopsy [FNAC/FNAB] in localized lung lesions

ABSTRACT

Bronchogenic carcinoma is towards increase day by day and today remains the leading cause of cancer death in both sexes. Tobacco smoking, increasing industrialization, environmental pollution and certain occupations are the major risk factors associated with bronchogenic carcinoma. To describe the diagnostic yield of fine needle aspiration cytology/biopsy [FNAC/FNAB] in the bronchogenic carcinoma. All male and female patients above the age of 12 years with clinical and radiological evidence of a localized lung mass with strong clinical suspicion of malignancy were included. All patients with proved cystic or vascular lesions and those with lesions looking clearly as consolidation on radiograph were excluded. The age ranged from 18-72 years. In a total of 50 cases, 35 [70%] were male and 15 [30%] were female. Out of 50 patients, 38 [76%] belonged to urban area and 12 [24%] belonged to rural area. Details about the smoking habits along with type, degree and duration of smoking were obtained in all cases. In present study the commonest symptom was cough present in 40 [80%] cases, followed by chest pain in 35 [70%]. Anemia was found to be most common sign and it was detected in 18 [36%] cases followed by clubbing or the fingers, 15 [30%] cases. Chest radiograph showed right lung involvement in 28 [56%] cases and left lung was involved in remaining 22 [44%] cases. The lung has definite diagnostic role in lung lesions particularly those situated peripherally