Twenty three years re-evaluation of fluoride contents in drinking water allover Egypt

ABSTRACT

After 23 years, tony nine samples of water were taken from the Capitals of 25 govcrnoratcs of Egypl from Up WAVCV and also original source by similar method that of Eid and analyzed also by ion selective electrode. In the present study, great change have occurred in the fluoride concentrations in niosi of the water samples which had nearly before the same fltionde concentrations [where the average of their fluoride contents has increased from 0.365 to 0.458 ppm i.e., about 25.7%. The highest increase in the percentage of fluoride concentrations in drinking tap water was observed in Suez Canal cites and Alexandria [their average has raised from 0.369 to 0.595 ppm i.e.. about 61.2%]. In the other governorates, the fluoride concentrations in drinking water have increased nearly from the south to the north excluding the rural areas. In upper Egypt, fluoride concentrations increased from 8.3% and 8.8% in Aswan and Kena to 13% in Fayoum. Cairo [Manial] and Giza showed also about 13% increase. Then come after the south Delta cities [13-14%']. The percentage then increased nearly steadily as we go the north to reach aboput 43%- in Damyetta. The least increase in fluoride concentrations in drinking tap water was observed in Wacli Al Gadid [4.5%] and Mersa Matrooh [2.3%]