Effect of food preservatives on mother rats and survival of their offspring

ABSTRACT

This work aimed to investigate the effect of food preservatives [sodium benzoate and sodium nitrite] on the biochemical aspects of mother rats and survival of their offspring. Fifty pregnant albino rats [Sprague Dawley strain] were divided into five groups [ten rats each] and kept individually in wire cages. The first group was fed standard diet free from any additives [control group]. The second and third groups were fed standard diet with added acceptable and high doses of sodium benzoate as a preservative. The fourth and fifth groups were fed on standard diet containing sodium nitrite at the same levels like that for benzoate in the second and the third groups. Animals were fed ad libitum during pregnancy. After delivery, the pups were measured anthropometrically [weight and length] and the mothers were sacrificed and their blood samples were taken from the hepatic portal vain. Serum was separated and subjected to biochemical analysis. The results indicated that sodium nitrite intake was associated with a significantly decreased food intake and lowered hemoglobin and hematocrit values, while their serum AST and ALP showed significantly higher values. Mothers receiving high dose of benzoate had significantly high ALT values. Both levels of benzoate and nitrite were shown to induce a decrease in serum bilirubin and an increase in serum urea, while the high and acceptable doses of benzoate induced higher values of serum uric acid, but did not induce a significant increase in serum creatinine. Pregnant rats which received acceptable and high doses of nitrite showed an increased mortality rate of their pups. The mean weight and length of live pups were lowered by food preservatives compared with the controls