Solar radiation: cutaneous hazards and their prevention

ABSTRACT

The solar radiation consists of three types of radiation, visible, infrared and ultraviolet radiation [UVR]. There is daily and seasonal variation in the prevalence of ultraviolet radiation. The depth of penetration of solar radiation is directly proportional to its wavelength. Its effects on the skin are UV-induced erythema, UV-induced pigmentation and cellular responses, which include damage to DNA, epidermal hyperplasia and thickening of stratum corneum and cutaneous immunosuppression responsible for various cutaneous cancers in humans. It can also lead to various photo-induced and photo-aggravated dermatoses. Avoiding mid day exposure [between 11-3] to sunlight, use of appropriate clothing including hats, and regular use of sunscreen having SPF of 30 or more, covering both UVA and UVB, may be helpful in preventing hazards of solar radiation