Evaluación auditiva neurosensorial en un grupo de prematuros del programa madre canguro / Sensorineural auditory evaluation in a group of preterm neonates

RESUMEN

Entre agosto de 1989 y diciembre de 1991 se buscó asociación entre algunos factores de riesgo comunes a los prematuros con peso menor de 1.500 g al nacer y el hecho de presentar disminución de la agudeza auditiva, medida con los potenciales evocados del tallo cerebral a los 4 meses y luego entre los 8 y los 14 meses. Los factores de riesgo tenidos en cuenta en 133 prematuros del "Programa madre canguro" del Instituto de los Seguros Sociales, en Medellín, fueron Peso inferior a 1.500 g, hiperbilirrubinemia superior a 10

ABSTRACT

A study was carried out to investigate the association between risk factors commonly found in preterm neonates with very low birth-weight (Iess than 1.500 g) and decreased auditory acuteness; the latter was measured according to brain stem evoked potentiaJs (BERA test) In 133 preterm neonates belonging to the "Kangaroo mother program", in 'Medellín,Colombla. The following risk factors we~ evaluated Hyperbilirrubinemia, hyaline membrane, birth weight lower than 1.500g, fetal distress, hypoglycemia, use of aminoglycosldes, thlrd trimester hemorrhage, and maternal high blood presssure. Abnormal results in BERA test were found in 54 cases (40.6%) at 4 months and in only 10 (7.5%) in the final evaluation performed between 8 and 14 months of age. No association was found between risk factors and decreased auditory acuteness; the shift from abnormal to normal auditory acuteness can be explained by brain maturation factors In the preterm infant. Causes for final deficits remain to be investigated; follow-up programs including auditory tests in this group of children at risk should be established