Immunopathology in ocular toxoplasmosis: facts and clues
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
;
104(2): 211-220, Mar. 2009.
Article
Dans Anglais
| LILACS
| ID: lil-533510
ABSTRACT
Although parasite-mediated host cell lysis is deemed to be an important cause of tissue destruction in ocular toxoplasmosis (OT), the severity of the disease is probably correlated with hypersensitivity and inflammation. Notwithstanding, the mechanisms that regulate the inflammatory process in recurrent OT are poorly understood. Recent evidence has identified interleukin (IL) 17 as a marker for disease severity. The ocular and cerebral presence of this cytokine is generally associated with the induction of autoimmune responses in the brain and the eye. Indeed, there are indications that autoimmunity may contribute to clinical variability in the activity of OT. IL-23, which induces the proliferation of IL-17-producing cells and IL-27, which is a counterplayer to IL-17, may regulate T(H)-1-cell-mediated responses in OT. The importance of these cytokines in experimental models of uveitis and encephalitis has been recently reported. CD25(+) regulatory T-cells may control the local inflammatory response and protect the host against collateral inflammatory tissue damage. The responses of these cells to OT may be suitably tailored to cope with either an acquired or a congenital aetiology. Knowledge relating to immunoreactivity in OT has grown impressively during the past few years. Its characteristic and variable features have been identified and the potential relevance of autoimmunity has been assessed. In light of this knowledge, potential future treatment options have been considered.
Texte intégral:
Disponible
Indice:
LILAS (Amériques)
Sujet Principal:
Toxoplasma
/
Auto-immunité
/
Toxoplasmose oculaire
/
Cytokines
/
Lymphocytes T régulateurs
Type d'étude:
Étude pronostique
Limites du sujet:
Animaux
/
Humains
langue:
Anglais
Texte intégral:
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
Thème du journal:
Médecine tropicale
/
Parasitologie
Année:
2009
Type:
Article
Pays d'affiliation:
France
/
Suisse
Institution/Pays d'affiliation:
Swiss Eye Institute/CH
/
Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg/FR
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