In vitro evaluation of dental bleaching effectiveness using hybrid lights activation / Avaliação in vitro da eficácia da fotoativação no clareamento dental utilizando a técnica em consultório

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate whether using different types of light activation during the in-office bleaching agent technique increases the effectiveness of the dental bleaching procedure by measuring the color change in teeth. Methods: From 60 extracted bovine incisor teeth, specimen sizes were standardized and dentin was conditioned by immersion in 38% phosphoric acid for 15 s. Following this procedure, the samples were placed in a water bath with ultrasound for 20 min and then immersed in a 25% coffee solution for a two-week period. The dentin was polished with a felt disc and aluminum oxide paste and finally sealed with colorless nail polish. Specimens were randomly divided into five groups, and their original color was measured using the EasyShade (VITA) spectrophotometer. All specimens received three applications of the bleaching agent Opalescence Xtra-Boost (Ultradent) during a period of 15 min each. Group 1 did not receive light activation, Group 2 was activated with a Halogen light (15 min), Group 3 was activated with a blue hybrid LEDs and a laser (15 min), Group 4 was activated with light from a green LED and a laser (15 min) and Group 5 was activated with a red laser (15 min). Tooth color was measured again after performing the various bleaching techniques on all specimens. The resulting data on color variations ΔE, Δa*, Δb* and ΔL*, and the color variations referenced on the Vita Classical scale were subjected to ANOVA, Tukey and Dunn tests (α=5%). Results: The bleaching performance of 38% hydrogen peroxide was affected by the light source used; color reduction was observed for the blue LED and halogen lights, and quantitative assessments of tooth color measured by spectrophotometer and matched to the Vita Classical color scale arrived at similar results in all experimental groups. Conclusions: The type of hybrid lights used interferes in the efficiency of the bleaching agent.

RESUMO

Objetivo: Avaliar se fontes de luz aumentam a eficácia do peróxido de hidrogênio na técnica de clareamento profissional. Metodologia: Foram empregados 60 dentes incisivos bovinos, com dimensões coronárias e radiculares padronizadas a partir do limite amelo-cementário, sendo descartada a porção lingual. Os corpos-de-prova (cp) foram limpos em ultra-som por 20 min e a dentina condicionada com H3PO4 a 38% por 15 s, sendo os (cp) imersos em solução de café solúvel a 25% por duas semanas. A dentina foi impermeabilizada com esmalte e os (cp) divididos em 5 grupos, sendo a cor inicial mensurada através do espectofotômetro-EasyShade (VITA). Todos os (cp) receberam três aplicações por 10 min do gel clareador Opalescence Xtra-Boost (Ultradent) conforme segue Grupo 1 - controle, não recebeu fotoativação, Grupo 2 - ativado com luz halôgena, Grupo 3 - ativado com LED azul/LASER, Grupo 4 - ativado com LED verde/LASER e Grupo 5 - ativado com LED vermelho. Após o clareamento foi mensurada a variação de cor ΔE, Δa*, Δb*e ΔL* e as referentes à escala de cor Vita Clássico. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, teste de Tukey e de Dunn (α=5%). Resultados: A diferença geral da cor foi reduzida quando se empregou LED Azul e Luz Halógena, sendo que o desempenho do peróxido de hidrogênio a 38 % foi intensificado dependendo da fonte de luz utilizada. A avaliação quantitativa de cor, obtida por espectrofotômetro e pela escala de cor Vita Clássico, foram coincidentes. Conclusão: O tipo de fonte de luz empregada interfere na eficácia do agente clareador.