Características da marcha em sujeitos com deficiência visual / Gait characteristics in subjects with visual disability

RESUMO

Introdução: A marcha é um evento bastante estudado, principalmente no que diz respeito às suas caracterísiticas espaço-temporais e angulares, no entanto, em se tratando de populações especiais, a exemplo dos cegos, estas variáveis ainda são pouco conhecidas. Objetivo: Avaliar as características espaço-temporais do andar no plano de portadores de deficiência visual e comparar com sujeitos norma-visuais, sem uso de alta tecnologia. Método: Participaram do estudo 20 sujeitos de ambos os sexos, divididos em dois grupos portadores de deficiência visual - PDV (idade = 17,8 ± 2,8 anos; massa corporal = 56,6 ± 12,5 kg; estatura = 1,57 ± 0,06 m; IMC = 23,0 ± 0,7 kg/m2; altura da pelve = 87,8 ± 3,8 cm), composto por 10 sujeitos (6 homens e 4 mulheres) e norma-visuais - NV (idade = 22,5 ± 1,6 anos; massa corporal = 59,0 ± 16,7 kg; estatura = 1,63 ± 0,95 m; IMC = 22,2 ± 0,5 kg/m2; altura da pelve = 87,3± 4,1 cm), também composto por 10 sujeitos (3 homens e 7 mulheres). Os sujeitos caminharam sobre uma passarela de 7m e foram registrados os dados de variáveis espaço-temporais dos 5m centrais por meio do método Step Page. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o SPSS (16.0), comparando-se as médias intra (teste t Student e Wilcoxon) e intergrupos (teste t Student, Mann-Whitney e ICe), adotando-se um nível de significância de 5% em todas as comparações. Resultados: Na comparação intra-grupos, não houve diferença estatística entre os membros para as variáveis de comprimento do passo (CP), comprimento da passada (CPas) e ângulo de rotação do pé (ARP) para ambos os grupos. Porém, na comparação entre os grupos (PDV x NV), houve diferença estatisticamente significante no comprimento do passo direito (CPD; p<0,05); comprimento do passo esquerdo (CPE; pmarcha (p

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The gait is an event well studied, especially with regard to their spatiotemporal and angular characteristics, however, when it comes to special populations, like the blind, these variables are still poorly known. Objective: The objective was to evaluate spatial and temporal gait characteristics of subjects with visual impairments and to compare them with normal vision subjects, without use of high technology. Method: The study included 20 individuaisof both sexes, divided into two groups those with visual impairments - VIP (age = 17.8 ± 2.8 years, body weight =56.6 ± 12.5 kg, height = 1.57 ± 0.06 m, BMI = 23.0 ± 0.7 kg/m2; the pelvis = 87.8 ± 3.8 cm), composed of 10 subjects(6 men and 4 women) and normal visual - NV (age = 22.5 ± 1.6 years, body mass = 59.0 ± 16.7 kg, height =1.63 ± 0.95 m, BMI = 22.2 ± 0.5 kg/m2 ; the pelvis = 87.3 ± 4.1 cm), also composed of 10 subjects (3 men and 7 women). The subjects walked on a walkway of 7m and the data of spatiotemporal variables of the central 5m were recorded by the method Step Page. It was used the SPSS software (16.0) for the data analysis, the mean intra (Student t test and Wilcoxon) and between groups (Student t test, Mann-Whitney and ICe) were compared, adopting a significance levei of 5% for ali comparisons. Results: In comparison within groups there was no statistical difference between the members of the variables of step length (StL), stride length (SdL) and rotation angle of the foot (ARP) for both groups. But in the between groups analysis (VIP x NV), there was statistically significant difference for the variables right step length (RStL, p <0.05), left step length (LStL, p <0.01), right stride length (RSdL p <0.01), left stridelength (LSdL, p <0.01) and gait speed (p <0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, we can inferthat the visually impaired patients group (VIP) moves more slowly and with shorter steps than the subjects with normal vision group (NV).

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The gait is an event well studied, especially with regard to their spatiotemporal and angular characteristics, however, when it comes to special populations, like the blind, these variables are still poorly known. Objective: The objective was to evaluate spatial and temporal gait characteristics of subjects with visual impairments and to compare them with normal vision subjects, without use of high technology. Method: The study included 20 individuaisof both sexes, divided into two groups those with visual impairments - VIP (age = 17.8 ± 2.8 years, body weight =56.6 ± 12.5 kg, height = 1.57 ± 0.06 m, BMI = 23.0 ± 0.7 kg/m2; the pelvis = 87.8 ± 3.8 cm), composed of 10 subjects(6 men and 4 women) and normal visual - NV (age = 22.5 ± 1.6 years, body mass = 59.0 ± 16.7 kg, height =1.63 ± 0.95 m, BMI = 22.2 ± 0.5 kg/m2 ; the pelvis = 87.3 ± 4.1 cm), also composed of 10 subjects (3 men and 7 women). The subjects walked on a walkway of 7m and the data of spatiotemporal variables of the central 5m were recorded by the method Step Page. It was used the SPSS software (16.0) for the data analysis, the mean intra (Student t test and Wilcoxon) and between groups (Student t test, Mann-Whitney and ICe) were compared, adopting a significance levei of 5% for ali comparisons. Results: In comparison within groups there was no statistical difference between the members of the variables of step length (StL), stride length (SdL) and rotation angle of the foot (ARP) for both groups. But in the between groups analysis (VIP x NV), there was statistically significant difference for the variables right step length (RStL, p <0.05), left step length (LStL, p <0.01), right stride length (RSdL p <0.01), left stridelength (LSdL, p <0.01) and gait speed (p <0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, we can inferthat the visually impaired patients group (VIP) moves more slowly and with shorter steps than the subjects with normal vision group (NV).