Role of follicle stimulating hormone in the induction of hyperplasia during compensatory ovarian hypertrophy.

ABSTRACT

In adult rats, removal of one ovary leads to an acute albeit transient rise in serum follicle stimulating hormone and an increase in the weight of the remaining ovary. In an attempt to correlate the high titre of endogenous follicle stimulating hormone with the changes taking place at the macromolecular level, the phenomenon of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy was studied for one cycle after hemiovariectomy at metoestrus in the adult, cycling female rats derived from the Holtzman strain. The significant finding with respect to hormonal changes was an acute follicle stimulating hormone surge commencing 6h post-unilateral ovariectomy, reaching a maximum at 12 h and declining thereafter, hitherto not reported in the Holtzman strain. Serum luteinizing hormone, prolactin, oestradiol-17ß and testosterone remained unaltered while progesterone showed a decline at 6 h after surgery. There was an increase in the number of healthy class III (> 350 μm) follicles with a concomitant drop in atretic class III follicles 24 h post-unilateral ovariectomy. Analysis for DNA, RNA and protein content showed that all three constituents registered a continuous rise in the hypertrophying ovary up to 120h after surgery. When expressed as μg/mg ovarian weight, the increase in DNA reached a maximum at 24 h and declined thereafter. The kinetics of DNA synthesis was followed by pulse labelling with [3H] thymidine at 18, 24, 36 and 48 h after unilateral ovariectomy. Maximum incorporation occurred at 36 h. Autoradiographic studies showed that the granulosa cells of healthy follicles preferentially incorporated the label. In an extension of this study, it was found that labelling index registered a significant increase following ovariectomy, the maximum being reached at 24 h especially in class III follicles. The results clearly point out the crucial role of hyperplasia in the response of the contralateral ovary to the surgery and implicate the rise in follicle stimulating hormone as the primary signal for initiation of such a response. This raises the question whether in compensatory ovarian hypertrophy follicle stimulating hormone has a mitogenic role.