Epidemiological Profile of Hip Fractures: A Case-Control Study in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Bihar

ABSTRACT

Hip fractures have become an important cause of morbidity and mortality among adults all over the world. The objective of this study was to study epidemiological profile of hip fractures and assess the risk factors responsible for hip fractures in patients attending orthopaedics department of a tertiary care hospital in Bihar and to compare these factors with healthy control population. Methods: The present study was a retrospective case-control study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Gaya, Bihar. Forty cases and forty controls were selected. Results: BMI was found to be statistically lower in the fracture group (p=0.035) as compared to controls. 67.5% of fractures were extra-capsular and 32.5% were intra-capsular. Overall, age 60-69 years showed the maximum burden of hip fractures. Fractures taking place indoors (62.5%) were higher than those occurring outdoors (37.5%). Physically active in the past (p=0.036) and alcohol usage (OR, 4.75; p= 0.045) were the factors which were significantly associated with the hip fracture. Conclusion: Hip fractures in Indian population are on a rising trend. Efforts should be made to reduce morbidities associated with hip fractures.