A Case Control Study of Risk Assessment of Diabetes and Nephropathy with eNOS (T786C and 27bp VNTR) Gene Polymorphisms

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To determine the association of eNOS (T786C and 27bp VNTR) gene polymorphism with the risk of type II diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in North India. Methods: The prospective case control study was conducted over a period of 18 months. A total of 100 patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (A1 50 cases without Diabetic nephropathy-DN and 50 cases with DN) aged 18-75 years and 50 healthy adults as control (Group B) were included. The endothelial nitric oxide gene variant (T786C and 27bp VNTR) genotypes and alleles were studied. Odds ratio with 95% CI was calculated for genotype and alleles for the occurrence of diabetes and DN. p value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: With Bb as reference(27bp VNTR), the odds ratio for Ab in the three groups (A1,A2,B) was 2.243, 1.545 and 0.746 respectively; and for Aa was 3.043, 3.058 and 1.878 respectively; with TT as reference (T786C), it was 1.573, 1.55 and 1.055 respectively for TC; and for CC it was 2.121, 2.063 and 2.348 respectively. The OR was comparable among the study groups and control for all genotypes and alleles (p>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, there was a trend towards higher predilection of DN with aa genotype and a allele in 27 VNTR, CC genotype and C allele of -786T>C polymorphism however it was not found to be statistically significant. Future large sample studies are required to account for the ethnic variation for a clearer association of the genes and their associated risk with Diabetes and its complications.