Synthesis, Characterization and Impact of Nano-urea on Growth and Yield of Wheat in Inceptisol

A study on “Synthesis, Characterization and Impact of Nano-urea on Growth and Yield of Wheat in Inceptisol” was conducted at Division of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Pune during rabi 2021. The object of this experiment is to synthesize and characterize nano-urea at post graduate laboratory of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Pune and which is named as COAP (College of Agriculture, Pune). Nano-urea was synthesized from granular conventional urea and characterised for size of nano particles by using scanning electron microscope. The experiment consisted of twenty one combinations of treatment based on 3 levels of recommended doses of nitrogen (0, 50, 75%) and six nitrogen levels for foliar sprays and water spray as a control which was replicated twice in factorial completely randomized Design (FCRD). The foliar sprays of nitrogen consisted of four levels of COAP nano-urea @ 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm, IFFCO nano-urea @ 160 ppm and conventional urea @ 10,000 ppm applied at 30 and 50 DAS.It could be revealed that average size of COAP (22.419 nm) and IFFCO (22.773 nm) nano-urea was almost same. Results revealed that conjoint application of 75% nitrogen along with two foliar sprays of conventional urea @10,000 ppm, COAP nano-urea @ 200 ppm and IFFCO nano-urea @ 160 ppm taken at 30 and 50 DAS for wheat recorded significantly higher periodical plant height and leaf area at 35 and 55 DAS. Significantly higher plant height was reported with combine application of 75% RDN along with two foliar sprays of urea @ 10,000 ppm (76.83 cm) which was statistically at par with nano-urea of IIFCO (76.20 cm) and COAP (74.20 cm) than rest of the treatment at 55 DAS. In case of leaf area, application of 75% RDN along with two foliar sprays of either conventional urea @ 10,000 ppm, IFFCO nano- urea @ 160 ppm and COAP nano-urea @ 200 ppm at 35 and 55 DAS. Application of 75% recommended dose of nitrogen along with two foliar sprays of 10,000 ppm conventional urea recorded significantly higher grain (45 g pot-1) and straw yield (65.39 g pot-1) of wheat which was found to be significantly at par with 75% RDN + IFFCO nano-urea @160 ppm (44.91 and 62.87 g pot-1) and 75% RDN + COAP nano-urea @ 200 ppm (44.83 and 60.66 g pot-1).