Risk factors and prognosis of frailty syndrome in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

ABSTRACT

【Objective】 To investigate the risk factors of frailty syndrome in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome （ACS） and their impact on prognosis. 【Methods】 The elderly patients with ACS aged 65 and over， who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology and Geriatric Cardiology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from September 2020 to February 2021， were selected in the cross-sectional survey. The patients were divided into frailty syndrome and non-frailty syndrome groups via the Chinese revised version of Tilburg Frailty Scale. We collected the patients’ activities of daily living， nutrition， depression， sleep quality， total cholesterol， triglycerides， low-density lipoprotein， and adverse events during hospitalization and within 30 days of discharge. We then performed LOG-BINOMIAL regression to analyze the risk factors of frailty syndrome. 【Results】 A total of 250 elderly ACS patients were enrolled， and 118 patients were diagnosed with frailty syndrome with 47.2% prevalence of frailty syndrome. There was a significant difference in the average score between the frailty syndrome group and the non-frailty syndrome group （11.06±2.53 vs. 5.77±1.54， P<0.01）. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that age （PR=2.01 CI： 1.81-2.22， P<0.001）， hypertension （PR=1.20 CI： 1.09-1.30， P<0.001）， chronic kidney disease （PR=1.16 CI：1.04-1.29， P=0.012）， and NT-proBNP （PR=1.20 CI： 1.07-1.35， P=0.004） were risk factors for frailty syndrome in elderly ACS patients. The incidence of arrhythmia and pulmonary infection during hospitalization and the rate of readmission within 30 days after discharge were significantly higher in the frailty syndrome group than those in the non-frailty syndrome group （P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 There is a higher incidence of frailty syndrome in elderly patients with ACS. Older age， hypertension， chronic kidney disease and high NT-proBNP can increase the risk of frailty syndrome. In clinical practice， attention should be paid to the above factors， and reasonable intervention should be provided in time.