The Targeted Therapy of Glioma Using Stem Cells Loaded with Oncolytic Adenovirus / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

ABSTRACT

Glioma is one of the most common malignant brain tumors, and its incidence is increasing year by year. At the present, the treatment of glioma is still based on surgery, combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. These traditional treatment methods have certain limitations. therefore, it is urgent to find novel method, such as tumor gene therapy. Oncolytic adenovirus is a genetically engineered virus that can specifically infect and kill the tumor cells without affecting the function of normal cells. The treatment of oncolytic adenovirus has the characteristics of tumor specificity and safety, and it has achieved a certain effect in the treatment of gliomas. However, local injection of oncolytic adenovirus has limit effect in scattered tumor cells. Stem cells can be used as cell carriers and applied in gene therapy, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most widely used. MSCs have an intrinsic chemotactic effect on many types of tumors, including glioma. MSCs loaded with oncolytic adenovirus can significantly improve the curative effect in the treatment of gliomas, but numerous clinical trials are still needed to obtain the best delivery means. Here, we reviewed the role and possible mechanism of stem cells in the treatment of gliomas, the advantages and disadvantages of different cell carriers and delivery means, and the problems and application prospects of stem cells loaded with oncolytic adenovirus. This review provides important theoretical basis for patients with multiple intracranial tumors and distal metastasis, and also provides new ideas for targeted therapy of glioma.