Analysis of 11 common pathogens spectrum in children with acute respiratory tract infection before and after COVID-19 un-der"the level B of management for class B of infectious diseases:A cross-sectional survey / 临床检验杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics and the variation of pathogens spectrum in hospitalized children with a-cute respiratory tract infection(ARTI)before and after COVID-19 under"the level B of management for class B"of infectious diseases(Level B for Class B)in Shenzhen,in order to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis,treatment and prevention of ARTI.Meth-ods The ARTI cases from January 8,2022 to July 30,2022 were selected as before"Level B for Class B",and the cases from Janu-ary 8,2023 to July 30,2023 were selected as after"Level B for Class B".The pharyngeal swab samples submitted for analyzing 11 common pathogens,such as COVID-19,influenza virus(Ⅳ),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)in the children with ARTI admitted to Shenzhen Children's Hospital.Results SARS-CoV-2 were detected as positive in 347 cases,a-mong which 225 cases were before"Level B for Class B"including 29 cases combined with other pathogens(12.89％,29/225)and human parainfluenza viruses(HPIV)was the most common(31.03％,9/29).After"Level B for Class B",SARS-CoV-2 were detec-ted as positive in 122 cases,including 28 cases combined with other pathogens(22.95％,28/122),and RSV was the most common(28.57％,8/28).There was a statistical difference between the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 combined with other pathogens before and after"Level B for Class B"(X2=5.834,P=0.016).After"Level B for Class B",the total pathogen detection rate(positive for at least one pathogen)was 60.82％(2 864/4 709)in the spring(January 8,2023 to April 30,2023),and influenza virus A(IVA)(22.64％,1 066/4 709),rhinovirus(HRV)(19.86％,935/4 709)and RSV(13.29％,626/4 709)were the main pathogens,and there were 301 cases(6.39％,301/4 709)of mixed infections.In the summer(May 1,2023 to July 30,2023),the total detection rate of pathogens was 70.26％(4 012/5 710),among which RSV(21.63％,1 235/5 710),MP(13.91％,794/5 710),HPIV(10.05％,574/5 710)were the main pathogens,and there were 710 cases(12.43％,710/5 710)of mixed infections,all of which were significantly higher than the same period before"Level B for Class B".The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion After"Level B for Class B"for COVID-19,the detection rate of 11 common pathogens increased significantly and the pathogen spectrum of ARTI changed significantly.