Research progress of exogenous ketone body 3-hydroxybutyrate supplementation for human disease treat-ment / 实用医学杂志

ABSTRACT

3-hydroxybutyrate(3HB),an anionic small molecule acid metabolite with a hydroxyl group,is a chiral molecule that exists in two enantiomeric forms.It is associated with cell growth,proliferation,and anti-oxida-tive stress,and demonstrates good biosafety when used within a specific range.In addition to epilepsy treatment,with the popularity of ketogenic diet in recent years,exogenous supplementation of 3HB for human has been gradu-ally found to be associated with a variety of metabolic diseases.This review describes the physiological function,physicochemical characteristics,toxicology and biological safety of 3HB,and its applications as potential drug mol-ecules in epilepsy,weight-loss(or weight control),systemic inflammation,hemorrhagic shock,cancer,inflammatory bowel disease,atherosclerosis,diabetes,osteoporosis,neurological diseases(e.g.,Parkinson's disease,Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease),muscular dystrophy,COVID-19,anti-aging and many other medical fields.This review also focuses on the discussion and prospect of the new methods and the potential limitations of exogenous 3HB supplementation for clinical transformation.