Research progress in diagnosis and treatment of scrotal masses / 中国基层医药

ABSTRACT

Scrotal mass is a common problem in the outpatient department of urology, accounting for 1% of all emergency patients. The diagnosis of scrotal masses is challenging due to the overlapping symptoms and signs of various scotal masses. Failure to correctly identify and treat scrotal masses, such as testicular torsion, testicular cancer, varicocele, and hydrocele, may lead to infertility, testicular loss, or even death. Misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis of scrotal masses may result in infertility, testicular loss, or even death. Therefore, we must maintain a high degree of vigilance and accurately identify scrotal masses that may affect life and testicular function. A full understanding of the manifestations and differences of various scrotal masses can help clinicians make accurate diagnoses and provide optimal treatment plans. The most critical aspect is to exclude emergency situations that may endanger life or testicular function, such as testicular torsion, testicular cancer, and necrotizing fasciitis, which require immediate medical attention. Scrotal ultrasonography is the best method for distinguishing scrotal masses based on their origin. Magnetic resonance imaging is the best tool for diagnosing scrotal hematoma. However, good clinical judgment and decision-making are still the most important factors for successful treatment of scrotal masses. The purpose of this article is to describe correct evaluation methods for scrotal masses and identify potential conditions that may threaten testicular survival, enabling accurate pathological diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment plans for each scrotal mass.