Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury / 대한주산의학회잡지

ABSTRACT

Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) is one of the most commonly used treatment modalities in the field of neonatology to achieve adequate gas exchange for infants with respiratory difficulties. However, mechanical ventilation may cause lung injury through various mechanisms, including high airway pressure and high tidal volume, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia or multiple organ failure. To prevent these injuries, clinicians, especially neonatologists, treating premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome, should be familiar with ventilator-induced lung injury and its preventive strategies. In this review, the mechanisms of lung injury, the effects of mechanical ventilation on pulmonary microvascular endothelium, extracelluar matrix and alveolar epithelium, and lung protective strategies of conventional ventilation are introduced. Several forms of conventional ventilation for preterm infants are also described.