Usefulness of the serum Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody test during routine check-up / 대한내과학회지

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The serum Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody test has been widely used by primary care physicians for over two decades. We assessed its usefulness as a screening strategy for organic gastrointestinal disease in routine check-up. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 10,080 subjects who received a routine check up at the Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital from January 2004 to April 2005. All subjects underwent the H. pylori IgG antibody test and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or a barium contrast study. RESULTS: The overall seropositive rate for H. pylori detection was 61.0% (6,150/10,180). The 13C-urea breath test (UBT) was performed in 340 subjects. The H. pylori antibody test showed 55% accuracy in comparison to the standard 13C-UBT. The number of patients with peptic ulcer in the seropositive group was 475 (7.7%) compared to only 168 patients (4.3%) in the seronegative group (p<0.001). Stomach cancer was observed in eight (0.1%) and two (0.1%) patients in the seropositive and seronegative groups, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios for the H. pylori IgG antibody test for peptic ulcer were 1.22 and 0.66, respectively, compared to 1.31 and 0.26 for stomach cancer. CONCLUSIONS: In view of its low accuracy and likelihood ratios, we do not recommend the H. pylori antibody test as a diagnostic tool for H. pylori infection or as a screening strategy for organic gastrointestinal disease during routine check-ups.