Coil occlusion of anal cushions in severe lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage

ABSTRACT

Coil occlusion of colonic vessels is uncommon due to a risk of colonic ischemia and perforation, and should only be performed as a bridge to emergent surgery. Colonic haemorrhage can occur in haemorrhoidal disease which is managed conservatively in most cases. Endovascular management of haemorrhoids has been described in a non acute setting with effective results and little complications. We present a case of a 46-year-old male admitted with haemorrhage secondary to abnormal vascular rests within the anal cushions, similar to that described in haemorrhoidal disease. Both clinical and endoscopic examination did not identify haemorrhoids; however, catheter angiogram identified ectatic distal rectal arteries with arterial blush demonstrating a haemorrhagic focus. This was subsequently embolised. The patient experienced no ischemic complications or further haemorrhage. Endovascular management in this setting has both a diagnostic and therapeutic benefit allowing rapid effective management of the patient.